Over the last 30 years, party polarization has increased, making bipartisan compromise less attainable. In this essay, Lynda Powell identifies the electoral and institutional factors influential in determining the extent to which individual legislators spend time forming cross-party rather than within-party coalitions to pass legislation. Focusing her analysis on individual legislator behavior, she introduces a new measure of legislative activity—coalition building bipartisanship—defined as the difference in time legislators devote to cross-party versus within-party coalition building to pass legislation. Overall, Powell finds that in state capitols as well as Congress, as time goes on, legislators spend more time building within-party coalitions, rather than bipartisan coalitions.
Lynda W. Powell
Lynda W. Powell is professor of political science at the University of Rochester. Her current work focuses on (1) legislative bipartisanship, polarization and representation; (2) internal institutions in legislatures, namely leadership and committees; and (3) the effects of contributions in the legislative process.
Her most recent book, The Influence of Campaign Contributions in State Legislatures: The Effects of Institutions and Politics (University of Michigan Press, 2012) won the Fenno Prize, the best book award of the Legislative Studies Section of APSA, and was the inaugural winner of the Gray Prize, the best book award of the State Politics and Policy Section of APSA. Other publications include The Financiers of Congressional Elections (coauthored with Peter Francia, John Green, Paul Herrnson, and Clyde Wilcox; Columbia University Press, 2003); Term Limits in the State Legislatures (coauthored with John Carey and Richard G. Niemi; University of Michigan Press, 2000); Serious Money: Fundraising and Contributing in Presidential Nomination Campaigns (coauthored with Clifford W. Brown, Jr., and Clyde Wilcox; Cambridge University Press, 1995); and articles in journals including the American Journal of Political Science, and the Journal of Politics and Legislative Studies Quarterly. Powell received a Social Science Research Council Negotiating Agreement in Congress research grant in 2017–2018 for a project titled “Negotiating Bipartisan Agreements: A Comparative Study of Congress and the Fifty US State Legislatures.”
Her most recent book, The Influence of Campaign Contributions in State Legislatures: The Effects of Institutions and Politics (University of Michigan Press, 2012) won the Fenno Prize, the best book award of the Legislative Studies Section of APSA, and was the inaugural winner of the Gray Prize, the best book award of the State Politics and Policy Section of APSA. Other publications include The Financiers of Congressional Elections (coauthored with Peter Francia, John Green, Paul Herrnson, and Clyde Wilcox; Columbia University Press, 2003); Term Limits in the State Legislatures (coauthored with John Carey and Richard G. Niemi; University of Michigan Press, 2000); Serious Money: Fundraising and Contributing in Presidential Nomination Campaigns (coauthored with Clifford W. Brown, Jr., and Clyde Wilcox; Cambridge University Press, 1995); and articles in journals including the American Journal of Political Science, and the Journal of Politics and Legislative Studies Quarterly. Powell received a Social Science Research Council Negotiating Agreement in Congress research grant in 2017–2018 for a project titled “Negotiating Bipartisan Agreements: A Comparative Study of Congress and the Fifty US State Legislatures.”